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Ethyl
Silicate
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Tetraethyl orthosilicate(Ethyl Silicate) is the chemical compound with
the formula Si(OC2H5)4. Often abbreviated TEOS, this molecule consists
of four ethyl groups attached to SiO44- ion, which is called
orthosilicate.
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Synonyms of TEOS are ethyl silicate, silicic acid, tetraethyl ester,
silicon ethoxide.
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TEOS
can be considered to be the ethyl ester of orthosilicic acid, Si(OH)4.
It is a prototypical alkoxide.
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TEOS
is a tetrahedral molecule. Many analogues exist, and most are prepared
by alcoholysis of silicon tetrachloride.
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Ethyl
Silicate has the remarkable property of easily converting into silicon
dioxide. This reaction occurs upon the addition of water.
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TEOS
is mainly used as a crosslinking agent in silicone polymers and as a
precursor to silicon dioxide in the semiconductor industry.
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The
ethyl silicate polymer is produced by a two step addition of catalysts
wherein a hydrolysis catalyst, for example, hydrochloric acid is added
intially and a second catalyst, such as phosphonitrilic chloride trimer
is added subsequently.
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A
TEOS-based, sol-gel glass composition with additives selected for
various applications. The composition is made by mixing ethanol, water
and TEOS adjusting the pH into the acid range and aging the mixture at
room temperature. The additive such as optical indicator are then added
to the mixture to form the composition which can be applied to a
substrate before curing.
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The Si-containing
alkoxide(TEOS) undergoes hydrolysis and polymerization reactions to form
silica gel, which reduces the volume of pore spaces.
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Ethyl
silicate is considered as a substance which is used in the modification
of anticorrosive coating, cross-linking agent, adhesive, dehydrant,
catalyst framework, or used in the making of high pure super-fine
silicon dioxide.
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These
are frequently used to elaborate coatings based on metallic zinc for the
anticorrosive protection of substrates of iron and steel.
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Ethyl
Silicates are probably the widest used stone consolidant. After
hydrolysis and condensation, ethyl silicates originate colloidal silica
that is deposited inside the porous structure.
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The
viscosity of ethyl silicate is lower than that of water allowing for
good depth of penetration in the stone. So Ethyl silicate is used to
consolidate stone that has lost intergranular cohesion.
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