Benzaldehyde
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General
- Benzaldehyde (C6H5CHO)
is a chemical compound consisting of a benzene ring with an aldehyde
substituent.
- It is the simplest
representative of the aromatic aldehydes and one of the most
industrially used members of this family of compounds.
- At room temperature it
is a colorless liquid with a characteristic and pleasant almond-like
odor benzaldehyde is an important component of the scent of almonds,
hence its typical odor. Currently benzaldehyde is primarily made from
toluene by a number of different processes.
- It is the primary
component of bitter almond oil extract, and can be extracted from a
number of other natural sources in which it occurs, such as apricot,
cherry, and laurel leaves, peach seeds and, in a glycoside combined form
, in certain nuts and kernels.
Process
- Benzaldehyde can be
obtained by many processes. Currently liquid phase chlorination or
oxidation of toluene are among the most used processes.
- On oxidation,
benzaldehyde is converted into the odorless benzoic acid.
- Benzyl alcohol can be
formed from benzaldehyde by means of hydrogenation or by treating the
compound with alcoholic potassium hydroxide thus undergoing a
simultaneous oxidation and reduction which result in the production of
potassium benzoate and benzyl alcohol.
- Reaction of
benzaldehyde with anhydrous sodium acetate and acetic anhydride yields
cinnamic acid, while alcoholic potassium cyanide can be used to catalyze
the condensation of benzaldehyde to benzoin.
Application
- While it is commonly
employed as a commercial food flavourant or industrial solvent,
benzaldehyde is used chiefly in the synthesis of other organic
compounds, ranging from pharmaceuticals to plastic additives.
- Benzaldehyde is also an
important intermediate for the processing of perfume and flavouring
compounds and in the preparation of certain aniline dyes.
- The chemicals are not
in widespread use because they damage vegetation and contaminate water
supplies.
Report
- The quantum chemical
method is employed to study the modified asymmetric allylation of
benzaldehyde controlled by diisopropyl D-(-)-tartrate auxiliary.
- There are many reports
on the sensitization of formaldehyde, which is used as a preservative in
cosmetic products and industrial materials.
- Sensitization to
benzaldehyde, cinnamic aldehyde and phenylacetaldehyde has been reported
in humans.
- The DNPH cartridges
were extracted with acetonitrile and analyzed for aldehyde and ketone
derivatives using high performance liquid chromatography.
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