- General
The tree “hymenaea courbaril” is
origininated in the tropical Amazon rain forest and in some regions
of Central America. The tree may grow to a height of 130 ft with
trunk diameters of 5 to 6 ft; usually less than 100 ft high with
diameters of 2 to 4 ft. Boles are well formed, often clear for 40 to
80 ft, and basally swollen or buttressed in large trees.
- The wood of Brazilian cherry is a
very beautiful reddish brown wood, with an interlocking grain and a
golden luster or glow beneath. It is a hard, heavy and very strong
wood, having a specific gravity .91. Brazilian cherry steam-bends
well, and glues well, although nailing may require pre-drilling.
- Hymenaea courbaril is a
slow-growing, well-formed tree with a clean trunk. It grows about 1
m per year to about 45 m in height. It develops best on sandy,
drained ridges and although found on river banks, it does not grow
well in wetlands. The tree grows in a variety of soils from clay to
sand but is predominant in oxisols with a pH range from 4.8 to 6.8.
Occurring from sea level to about 900 m, it grows best in areas with
annual rainfall of 1,900 to 2,150 mm.
Production
- On average the pine forests of
Jatobá grow with 6.5 m3/ha/ year. This corresponds to 3.25 tons, and
since half of this is carbon, it means that the plantations of
Jatobá, store 1.6 tons carbon/ha/year in the trunks while they grow.
This corresponds to 6 tons CO2/ha/years.
- The growth range of the species
is reported to include Cape Verde Islands, throughout West Indies
from Cuba and Jamaica to Trinidad and Tobago. Also from central
Mexico to Peru, Bolivia, Brazil, and French Guiana. It is scattered
in forests, pastures, and along roadsides in the moist and dry
coastal and limestone regions of Puerto Rico.
Process and Mechanism of
Action:
- Jatoba has assisted in reducing
the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere by developing three kinds of
areas: 28000 ha pine plantations, 8000 ha eucalyptus plantations,
10000 ha cerrado areas that have been protected against fires.
- The leaves of jatoba contain a
group of phytochemicals called terpenes and phenolics which are
responsible for protecting the leaves of the tree from leaf fungus.
These antimicrobial compounds are water-soluble and therefore
transferred to any tea preparation. The antimicrobial properties of
jatoba are particularly interesting in the light of recent
scientific developments regarding the growth of specific microbes in
the body.
Market and Report:
- The US consumes only a very small
percentage of the world’s tropical wood-based products despite being
one the world’s largest producers, consumers and importers of
hardwood forest products. In 2006, the US imported hardwood products
valued at an estimated US$3.6 billion.
- Imports of hardwood plywood have
accounted for an increasing share of total consumption. The US
import value of hardwood plywood has gone from US$2 billion in 2003
to almost US$2 billion in 2006. As with so many other changes in the
commodity market, China is the major driving force behind these
increases.
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