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General
- Pentane is
any or one of the organic compounds with the formula C5H12.
- This alkane
is a component of some fuels and is employed as a specialty solvent in the
laboratory. Its properties are very similar to those of butane and hexane.
Process
- Pentane burns to form carbon dioxide and
water, As with other hydrocarbons, pentane undergoes free radical
chlorination.
- Such reactions are unselective, yielding a
mixture of the 1-, 2-, and 3-chloropentanes, as well as more highly
chlorinated derivatives.
- Other radical halogenations can also occur.
Market
- California summer gasoline averages 5.2
percent pentane.
- California winter gasoline averages at 6.8
percent, and gasoline exported to neighboring states has the highest
level of pentane at 13.6 percent.
Application
- Pentane is one of the primary blowing
agents used in the production of polystyrene foam.
- Calorimetry and neutron dioraction have
been used to identify and characterise the formation of a solid
monolayer of pentane adsorbed on graphite and coexisting with liquid
pentane.
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