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General
-
Tetrachloroethylene, also known under its systematic name
tetrachloroethene and as perchloroethylene, perchloroethene, perc, and PCE,
is a chloro carbon with the formula Cl2C=CCl2.
- It is a
colorless liquid widely used for dry cleaning of fabrics, hence it is
sometimes called "dry-cleaning fluid."
Process
-
Perchloroethylene is produced domestically by three processes.
- Two of the
processes involve the chlorination and oxy chlorination of ethylene
dichloride or other chlorinated hydrocarbons having two carbon atoms.
-
Perchloroethylene and TCE are manufactured separately or as co products by
the chlorination oroxychlorination process with the raw material ratios
determining the proportions of PCE and TCE.
Report
- The effects
of tetrachloroethylene on human health come from cases of accidental or
occupational exposures.
- High
exposures primarily affect the central nervous system although liver and
kidney effects have also been reported.
Application
- Most
tetrachloroethylene is consumed as a solvent used in dry cleaning.
- It is
desirable because it dissolves many organic materials, it is volatile,
highly stable, and nonflammable.
- Usually as
a mixture with other chlorocarbons, it is also used to degrease metal
parts in the automotive and other metalworking industries.
- It appears
in a few consumer products including paint strippers and spot removers.
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